Monday, May 25, 2015

ASP (Appalachian Service Project) 2014

                  This summer, my church and I will be traveling to a county in North Carolina to build/rebuild homes of people who are unemployed, have been affected from floods, etc. ASP is active in counties across multiple states within the Appalachia area including; Tennessee, North Carolina, West Virginia, Virginia, and Kentucky. Each church across the country sends “crews” of people to a specific state and county for that one week in summer. A “crew” is referred to as a single van with between 5-7 people inside. Personally, this year my church will be sending 5 crews. (5 vans with 6-7 people in each van). Each crew is also assigned a house to work on for that week. Once in a while, a project is so big/a house is in need of so much repair that 2 crews will work together on the same house. Being guests in another state, ASP provides “centers” that crews from churches stay at. A “center” is basically a crew’s home for the week. All the work that is not done at the worksite is done at the center. The center is where crews sleep, eat breakfast and dinner, and where building supplies and tools are kept. A center is usually a community building, a public school, or another decant sized building that is able to house anywhere from 30-90 volunteers per week. A normal day for a crew looks like this: Every morning you’re free to wake up on your own but breakfast is at 8am sharp. If you sleep in and miss it then you miss it. Each crew is then supposed to leave the center around 9am. The drive to a worksite is no more than 30 minutes from the center. Once at the worksite you begin to construct or rebuild you home until noon. Noon is Lunch break. Lunch consists of whatever was packed by the food coordinators that morning at the center. Then after lunch its back to work until 3-4:30pm depending on how far away your worksite is form the center. All crews are requested to be back at the center by 5pm. Then at the center your free to relax until dinner at 7pm sharp. Then again more nap time or relaxation time to discuss your next day’s activities/plans. It’s pretty much equivalent to free time until 11pm. That’s when lights go out and then the next morning the whole routine starts over again.  As boring as it may sound, it is actually amazingly fun. There’s so much more I could go into detail about but for now I’ll leave it at this


Day 1:
After stepping out of the van and knocking on the back door of the petite house, we were greeted by the owner. A decrepit old woman named Dorothy stepped outside into the sunlight to introduce herself. She was followed by her caretaker and nephew, Willy. This was the family of whose home we would be repairing for the week to come.  Although quiet, Dorothy seemed like a respectful woman, and always had a smile across her face. After our introductions and learning everyone’s name, Willy gave us a tour of the house and informed us on what has happened over the years, construction wise. He occasionally threw in a joke or two every time he saw the opportunity. He had attempted to fix up the house himself but due to age, he couldn’t keep up with repairs and eventually fell behind. He showed us the room that needed the most work. That was Dorothy’s bedroom; the master bedroom. Willy explained that due to previous storms, beams underneath that section of the house had broken and this was causing the floor to gradually sink into the ground. That was our main project for the week. On top of that, we were asked to refurnish the room and fix up Dorothy’s closet that was in need of desperate repair. (Holes in the wall etc.). After receiving our orders, we wasted no time in getting to work. Our first task was to use teamwork to move the heavy furniture that Willy was unable to move by himself. This included emptying the closet of old boxes and other items. Our next goal was to remove the old carpet in Dorothy’s room in planning of placing new carpet when we had fixed the floor. To our surprise, after removing the carpet we found a nice wooden floor that neither Willy, nor Dorothy knew was there. Thus we changed our plans and decided to bypass the new carpet and use the wooden floor. Removing the carpet was a dreadful process though. After ripping up the carpet itself we had to carefully remove every staple by hand that had been used to attach the carpet to the hidden wood beneath.

 

            After the carpet had successfully been removed, I was assigned the job of working on the closet. There was only room for one person at a time in the tight space and I got the job. My first step was to remove the drywall that had holes. This was only a small section of the wall. My next step was to place new drywall over half of an old piece of drywall. This saved me from having to replace the entire back wall of the closet as only half the wall needed to be repaired. After multiple measurements, re-measuring, and screwing, I finally had the new section of wall up. Then to top it all off I spackled the edges where the new drywall met up with the old dry wall. Before I knew it, it was 3:15pm and time to pack up and go home.
Day 2:
As the second day of work began, I started off the day by finishing my previous day’s work in the closet. I sanded the dry spackling from the day before until it was flush with the original wall. My next task was to replace a square section of the side wall of the closet. This section previously had a hole and after a series of measurements, I was able to cut out a new piece of dry wall. Using a drill, I screwed in the new piece of wall and immediately began to spackle. After completing the spackling I moved to assist my crew in caulking the walls of the room as I waiting for the spackling to dry. Caulking the crevasses and gaps that had formed in the walls over the years, would prevent unintended air from escaping/entering the room. This is most important around windows. To save time, as we placed the caulk, we smoothed it out with our fingers so we wouldn’t have to take the time to sand the excess caulk off later. This trick allowed our crew to being priming the walls a day early. We were ahead of our originally planned schedule.  Being that there was already a coat of paint on Dorothy’s walls, we needed to prime the walls before repainting. The primer acted as a cohesive for the paint and assisted the paint in sticking to the wall. Without primer, most of the paint would have run right down the wall and onto the floor. This concluded the second day of work.

 
Day 3:
As we arrived on the third day, we were eager to give everything our best attempt in an effort to finish the room that day. We started off with painting the trimming. This was done outdoors as the boards we were painting were extremely long and required two people to carry. When we were finished, we continued to prime Dorothy’s room. While working, Dorothy’s children and grandchildren were checking up on our progress and wanted to help. The more help the merrier! We delightfully handed everyone a paint brush and they assisted us in laying down the second coat of primer. This made our job go even faster. After the priming, everyone took a thirty minute break because our project managers arrived to view our progress and make comments, but I took this time to work on the closet. During this time, I sanded down what I had spackled the day before, making it flush and smooth up against the wall. It looked good as new! Our managers were blown away at how ahead of schedule we were. They commented on our pace and told us to continue as long as we weren’t rushing and got everything done right.

            After they left, the primer was dry and we began to place our first coat of the final paint. The day before, Dorothy had selected the color she wanted for her room. After some intense thinking, Dorothy chose a pretty, eye-catching beige color. So we began to work on the walls with our rollers. This continued until it was time for us to pack up. Our arms were exhausted from having them raised while painting the whole time but we suffered through the pain. We left our fan in the room with the windows open to air out the smell of the paint that night as it dried. And with that, day three came to a close.

 

 
Day 4:
On the start of our fourth day of work, we began the day by cutting out more lengthy pieces of wood that would be used for the celling trimming. After we measured twice and cut once, we proceeded to paint them outside of the house. After successfully painting, I left the wood to dry and went to work on the closet. The adult leader of our crew bought handles and other supplies to be used in the room. I used the handles to make a removable panel to cover up the plumbing pipes in the closet. Next, I assisted my team in painting the second and final coat of paint for Dorothy’s room. This took up the majority of our time because we knew there was no room for error. Our next task was to put up the celling trimming. By this time it was completely dry. We used a step stool to reach the celling. The thing long pieces of wood were surprisingly heavy and required one person to hold each end of the wood in place as we hammered it into its final resting position. To close the day, we filled buckets with water and scrubbed the wooden floors on our hands and knees to remove any excess paint that had dripped onto the floor from the walls and ceiling. Even with a crew of 7 people this was a tedious task. After the floors were spotless, we packed up and left for the night.
Day 5:
After we got to the worksite on our final day, we immediately got to work. Right from the start, we unloaded equipment and took what we needed into the crawl space underneath the house. Today’s job was to attach a girder (support beam) underneath the house to prevent the floor of Dorothy’s room from sinking any further. My partner Adam and I brought everything we needed underneath the house so we wouldn’t have to leave to get equipment. To start things off, we placed a number of small support blocks in their designated positions that would be used later to hold the girder in place. Our next task was challenging. We had to bring the girder underneath the house, into the crawl space and place it into the supports. With limited space, light, and air we somehow managed to get the girder in place without too much frustration. With sweat flowing off of us like a waterfall, we pushed our limitations behind us and attached hurricane straps to the girder. These straps helped keep the girder attached to the house in case of strong (hurricane like) winds. After accomplishing our main task for the day, I moved back to the closet and swiftly attached a shelf and hanger pole. Now the closet was ready for use. After finishing the closet, our crew moved in Dorothy’s furniture that we moved out on the first day. After placing the furniture in their final resting place it was time to bring Dorothy in to see her new room. Although we did work past our scheduled hours, we decided it was necessary to stay a little while longer just to see the smiles of a more than happy grandmother who deserved a refurnished room. The reactions and emotions were priceless and will remain with me for years to come.

 

Friday, June 1, 2012

National park not clear

National Park not beautiful
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2012/05/28/MNC61OOM6M.DTL
Sequoia once a beautiful park is now jeopardize by deadly smog. Forest fires are causing deadly smog. You used to be able to see about 100 miles out, but now the view is foggy. People are comparing Sequoia to the LA sky. There is almost never clean skies anymore. The smog also affects the trees turning the needles an icky yellow. It also affects the seedlings, and puts a lot of stress on them. Also, there is now some trails closed that are to dangerous to walk because of the smog. On top of that, on the government page there is a warning to work there. It worns future employees it is unsafe to work there because of smog. The smog causes heart problems, and cancer. This is very sad.

Reflections: This is very sad I have been to Seguoia, and have many memories there. My family has pictures of them trying to wrap there arms around the Giant Sequoia. People spend a lot of money trying to preserve the national park. It's sad I have strong emotions towards the park.

1. How do you think we can stop the smog in the park?
2. Have you ever been to a national park? How does this make you feel?
3. Do you think other parks should be worried about air pollution?

Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Air Pollutation In The City

Sources: "Exercising In The City?" -Published by Science Daily (May 12, 2008) http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080512150141.htm
Picture link- http://tinyurl.com/6ulefma


 Summary: Lots of people live in the city and are at somepoint outside during the day and or night. Wheather its for exercise or just daily commutes, stepping outside puts you at risk to inhale pollutants. With all the cars, trucks, and busses driving around they together produce an extreme amount of pollutation. With all the high buildings, the pollutants will sit, "stuck" inbetween the buildings if they do not rise. Buildings also block the wind and weaken their strength to blow away the pollutants. Environmentalists say that exercising outdoors in a city is like trying to exercise right behind a bus or a car. By running, riding a bike, etc. you increase your heart rate, making you breathe faster. The more you breath, the more toxins you take in. After a couple of hours you most likely have alot of pollutants in your body, as your liver is hard at work trying to get rid of them. Pollutants irritate the lungs and many other parts of the body. "This could lead to diseases and infections", states Dr. Crystal. He also describes how studies have linked pollutants to varius lung and heart diseases, as well as many other hospital admissions, and sometimes, even death. Carbon monoxide has the ablilty to force oxygen out of the body and being over exposed to it can kill you. This is why doctors and environmentalists both advise city folks to be aware of your surroundings in the city. For example if you walk to work near a road that is always backed up with traffic, choose a different route that has less automobiles. They also highly advise people that exercise to exercise indoors in an air-conditioned room. If not possible they advise people to not over work yourself and run or bike in a park instead of on the sides or roads.

Reflection: To me, cities are big fun places to be. I live in the suburbs and so we dont have alot of pollutants just sitting in the air. This makes it easy for people to go outside and exercise. My uncle lives in the city, and he goes to a gym to work out. I dont know if its because there are pollutants outside or if he just likes to watch tv as he runs. Now I will have something to tell him about walking and exercising outdoors in the city. I also find it good that doctors and environmentalists are comming together to help warn citizens about what could happen to them while exercising. If every citizen read this article, then lives could be saved and diseases prevented. Carbon monoxide is a slient killer and it is for the best that people in the city know what could happen because of overexposure. Hopefully this article will limit the amount of drivers in the city as well.

Questions:
1. Do you think pollutants from automobiles is another factor that helps create "smog" that could form in cities? Why or why not?
2. If you were an everyday citizen who ran in the morning for exercise, would you change or not change how you exercise after reading this article? Explain.
3. If you were a city citizen who drove a car to work in the city, would you change your mode of transportation? Why?
4. Do you think the people that are incharge of a city (the city counsole I think) should test for dangerous levels of pollutants in the air every week?
5. What are some ways that we as a human population could make cities "greener"?






Tuesday, May 29, 2012

Article by the Los Angeles Times
Blog By Luke Nugent
A diagram showing how mercury can pollute the air and water

Summary
        This article shows how dangerous mercury can be to humans, especially unborn fetuses. High amounts of mercury pollution are released by coal mines and processing plants every day. Recent studies show that almost one out of every ten birthing age women have damaging amounts of mercury present in their blood. This can lead to health problems, and many times causes their babies to develop with autism. Luckily, President Obama has recently taken a stand against this pollution by passing laws that regulate coal companies and force them to make pricey adjustments to their factories to make them more environmentally friendly. As well as mercury, these new laws will help clear the air of other dangerous pollutants, such as arsenic, lead, and cadmium. President Obama expects to face opposition and lawsuits by these companies, but he and the rest of the government are prepared to fight these companies off. These laws, and hopefully other laws presented in the future, will help us to maintain a safe and clean environment for everyone.

Opinion
        I was very shocked by the fact the 8% of birthing age women have that much mercury in their blood. If so many babies are born with severe mental problems, what would our society be like? I think that this was a very good decision by the government. Too often, big companies such as coal companies think they are too powerful and important to care for the environment, and it is up to the EPA and the government to set them strait. I also didn't like how the costs for remodeling the factories would be present in the electricity bills. Those types of companies already make so much money, remodeling would not be a huge deal, and even if it was, they should still pay for it. I can't imagine what the world would be like if companies were allowed to do anything they pleased. One of my cousins has Autism, and it would be very sad if the reason they developed it was because of the mercury present in the air. They would have been able to have lived a more normal life if they were not born with the mental deficiency. 

Questions
1) What would the world be like if companies could do as they please?
2) Do you think the government or the EPA should have more power in these types of situations? Why?
3) Are there more types of similar problems the government should be helping out for? Give examples.
4) Do you think similar laws will be passed in the future?
5) If they sued, is there any way the coal companies could win? Why or why not?

Monday, May 28, 2012

Air Pollution Hates Obese Children?

Air Pollution Hates Obese Children?

By: Science Daily
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/05/040525061725.htm

Summary: Obese Children get worst reactions from air pollution compared to normal weight children. The lungs of of an obese child would have an effect that's two times to five times worst than a normal weight child. There was also an increase of fat tissue, white blood tissue, and elevated c-protein which makes scientists believe that, that might be the reason why obese children have a stronger effect on air pollution. Scientists also did a experiment with 611 children with 10% of them being obese and they did checked their lungs with air pollution and the obese children had a bigger effect. They also stated that obesity can cause the host a lot of problems such as diabetes, heart problems, and asthma which is probably obvious.

Reflection: My thoughts about this is that it's pretty astonishing how obese children are more sensitive to air pollution rather than normal weight people having a mild effect. I think that parents should be more careful on what food they give their children and not give their kids fast food on a daily basis. Hopefully this article can make people realize how bad it is to be obese or overweight and make people try and exercise more. I think that the reaction on the air pollution to obese people aren't probably horrible but it could potentially be really bad but I would never know because they didn't say what the effects were in the article.

Questions:
1. What could be done about this?
2. Do you think this could be solved from genetic engineering? If so how?
3. What percentage of the population do you think will be obese or overweight and why?
4. What could we do about the air pollution to make it better?


Wednesday, May 23, 2012

Parental Exposure to Pollution Harmful for Kids with Asthma


Parental Exposure to Pollution Harmful for Kids with Asthma

Written By Petra Rattue 
Published in Medical News Today 
Created on 5/23/12

Summary: Asthma is now commonly being discovered in mothers and young children ages 6-15 because of their mother’s exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. Pollutants found included gases like carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. After running experiments they discovered that in both boys and girls that they had a low volume of air that can be exhaled in one second after a full inhalation, and a low speed of the air that is exhaled immediately after being inhaled. After these findings, scientists are convinced that air pollution is only creating more health problems for humans, even before birth. Who knows how far the pollution will go so it needs to be stopped immediately.

Reflection: This is a very important topic, but it does not shock me. The items you put into your body while you are pregnant all affect the unborn child during all stages of development, weather it is food, drugs, or alcohol, they can be harmful. My mom said she drank Ice Tea all through her pregnancy with me and now I love Ice Tea. What the mother does with her health while pregnant affects your health.  Air pollution is another one of those things that is ingested by the mother that can harm the baby. Unfortunately they do not have a choice if they want to inhale air pollution or not. This article reminds me of in class when we watched Gasland and the people had asthma from the air pollution caused from fracking. It’s a terrible thing that can affect many people in the future.

Questions:
1: What can be done to help soon to be mothers?
2: What should be done about air quality all together?
3: If this problem persists, most people will be born with asthma, and may eventually become immune to it. Should this be considered a form of natural selection? Why or why not?
4: What could our future with air pollution look like?
5: Where do you think the majority of our air pollution comes from? How could we stop it?

Tuesday, May 8, 2012

Burp the Ocean
By: Luke Nugent
Article by: Don Walsh 
Written: November 2008


Methane Crystals
Summary

Scientists are constantly finding alternative fuels and creative ways to make sure the world never runs out of fossil fuels, or is at least prepared when it does. One of the latest discoveries was massive amount of methane gas (CH4) located on the ocean floor. This is very significant, because this methane is incredibly plentiful, and is found in hydrate form. This means that it is on the bottom of the ocean floor and looks like large crystals (picture to left). If this methane can be harvested, then it would be a tremendous help to the problem of the increasingly smaller amounts of natural gasses left. This methane does not come without dangers and downsides though. Methane is incredibly toxic, and could pollute an area where it is released or leaked. It is dangerous to humans, and could potentially cause underground landslides and huge tsunamis. Scientists are discussing the benefits versus downsides of "burping the ocean" for this gas, and they may not make a decision for years to come.

Opinion

I have the feeling that harvesting this gas could cause more problems than it resolves. Scientists have not tried "burping" it out yet, so they don't know how harmful it could be to the ocean and surrounding wildlife. These methane hydrates could be the home or food to a keystone species in an ecosystem, and this could effect all the surrounding areas. Similar to "Fracking" for natural gas, the companies who extract it may be so motivated to make profits, they would not consider the people or the nearby environment. Also, if people knew they had a huge amount of usable natural resources left, then they wouldn't feel any pressure to not use as much fossil fuels and wouldn't be motivated to use alternative energy. It would also probably cause problems between countries over who owns it. I do not think that scientists should follow through with this discovery.

Questions

1) Do you think that this methane could be beneficial? How about in the future?
2) Should people spend more energy on discovering fossil fuels or alternative energy? Why?
3) Who would the methane belong to? Why would it cause conflict?
4) What is the most significant downside to this methane? Why?
5) What changes or ideas would make this more plausible?
6) What could organizations like the EPA do to protect the environment in situations like these?